Q 931 - ορισμός. Τι είναι το Q 931
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Τι (ποιος) είναι Q 931 - ορισμός

ITU-T RECOMMENDATION
ITU-T Recommendation Q.931; Q931; Q.2931

Q.931         
ITU-T Recommendation Q.931 is the ITU standard ISDN connection control signalling protocol, forming part of Digital Subscriber Signalling System No.
931         
  • [[Emperor Uda]]
YEAR
931 (year); Year 931; AD 931; 931 CE; 931 AD; Events in 931; Births in 931; Deaths in 931
Year 931 (CMXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Q with stroke         
  • Q with diagonal stroke in [[Doulos SIL]]
  • French-language]] extract of page 9 of [[Joachim du Bellay]]'s 1549 work ''[[La Défense et illustration de la langue française]]''. The text of the extract is: ''Barbares anciẽnement etoint nõmez ceux, '''ꝗ''' ĩeptemẽt ꝑloint Grec.''
LETTER OF THE LATIN ALPHABET
Q̵; Ꝗ; Ꝗꝗ; Ꝙ
Q with stroke (Ꝗ, ꝗ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from writing the letter Q with the addition of a bar through the letter's descender. The letter was used by scribes during the Middle Ages, where it was employed primarily as an abbreviationa modern parallel of this would be abbreviating the word "and" with an ampersand (&).

Βικιπαίδεια

Q.931

ITU-T Recommendation Q.931 is the ITU standard ISDN connection control signalling protocol, forming part of Digital Subscriber Signalling System No. 1. Unlike connectionless systems like UDP, ISDN is connection oriented and uses explicit signalling to manage call state: Q.931. Q.931 typically does not carry user data. Q.931 does not have a direct equivalent in the Internet Protocol stack, but can be compared to SIP. Q.931 does not provide flow control or perform retransmission, since the underlying layers are assumed to be reliable and the circuit-oriented nature of ISDN allocates bandwidth in fixed increments of 64 kbit/s. Amongst other things, Q.931 manages connection setup and breakdown. Like TCP, Q.931 documents both the protocol itself and a protocol state machine.

Q.931 was designed for ISDN call establishment, maintenance, and release of network connections between two DTEs on the ISDN D channel. Q.931 has more recently been used as part of the VoIP H.323 protocol stack (see H.225.0) and in modified form in some mobile phone transmission systems and in ATM.

A Q.931 frame contains the following elements:

  • Protocol discriminator (PD) – Specifies which signaling protocol is used for the connection (e.g. PD=8 for DSS1)
  • Call reference value (CR) – Addresses different connections which can exist simultaneously. The value is valid only during the actual time period of the connection
  • Message type (MT) – Specifies the type of a layer 3 message out of the Q.931-defined Message type set for call control (e.g. SETUP). There are messages defined for the call setup, the call release and the control of call features.
  • Information elements (IE) – Specify further information which is associated to the actual message. An IE contains the IE name (e.g. bearer capability), their length and a variable field of contents.